Train Car in Plum CouleeThe Municipality of Rhineland encompasses some of the finest farmland in North America and maybe the world. Agriculture is the cornerstone of Rhineland's economy. The fertile soil combined with unusually high temperatures and a long growing season make Rhineland the perfect place to grow many conventional and specialty crops.

Cereal grains and oil seeds make up a large portion of production for the area, but the climate is also well suited to sunflowers, corn, beans, field peas, potatoes, and a variety of different vegetable crops. The Rhineland area is one of the few areas in Canada well suited to growing soybeans. There are also some small to medium livestock operations in the area.

Many local businessmen have set up shops to cater to the region's farmers. Throughout the community, several businesses provide supplies, inputs and equipment ranging from seed, fertilizers and chemicals to equipment, parts and mechanical services.

Small and medium sized manufacturing firms exist in many of the urbanized communities, and in the incorporated centres of Altona, Gretna, and Plum Coulee. Many of these firms produce agriculturally based products such as equipment and parts. Some however, produce specialty goods for domestic shipment and international export.